In the latest issue (July 3) of Cell Stem Cell, Dr. Alexander Meissner from the Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Biology at Harvard University and another scholar wrote "Browsing (Epi) genomes: A Guide to Data Resources and Epigenome Browsers for "Stem Cell Researchers" as the topic, published data resources related to stem cell epigenome research, and guidelines for epigenetic information analysis, which will provide guidance for finding relevant online materials and in-depth research on stem cells. In the past few years, genome-wide data resources have undergone a massive explosion of accumulation. Various histone modification maps, transcription factor binding sites, DNase hypersensitivity, DNA methylation and other information are used for data verification, exploration and proposition. Hypothesis provides valuable help. This review article is mainly intended to provide readers with information on how to find data resources and how to use different epigenome browsers for initial analysis. The article uses several examples to point out several key features and proves that these The importance of stem cell biology research. Epigenetic panorama of embryonic stem cells The differentiation process of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is a unique model for studying the mechanism of cell switching regulation. Therefore, in recent years, using embryonic stem cells as a model to study epigenetic regulation of stem cell differentiation has become a new research hot spot. Recently, researchers have comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of direct and differentiated cells in the three germ layers of human embryonic stem cells, related transcription and epigenetic characteristics, and drawn an important panorama of embryonic stem cell transcription and epigenetics. The researchers used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing technology, combined with chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing methods and RNA sequencing methods, to reveal specific events that are specifically related to each germ layer cell line. It is assumed that some obvious DNA methylation and H3K4me1 lineage-specific changes have occurred in remote regulatory elements, and these elements are frequently combined with pluripotency factors in undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. Moreover, the researchers also found the enrichment of germ layer-specific H3K27me3 at the undifferentiated high DNA methylation site. A deep understanding of these initial specific events will help to find the shortcomings in the current research methods, so as to find a differentiation strategy that is more in line with the actual, and related regulatory mechanisms in the process of cell conversion. Epigenetic approach of stem cells during asymmetric division Stem cells can self-renew and differentiate to produce various daughter cells. These characteristics have been studied by scientists very much, but for the epigenetic properties that have received increasing attention in recent years, especially when the stem cells divide asymmetrically, what is their epigenetic information? What has been maintained is not much understood by scientists. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University used a two-color method to perform "old" and "new" histone labeling on Drosophila male reproductive stem cell GSCs, and found that GSC is selectively isolated from common H3, while It is not the mutant H3.3 histone, but in the differentiated daughter cells, it is mostly the newly synthesized histone that participates in the DNA replication process. This indicates that asymmetric histone distribution occurs in GSCs, but not in symmetrically divided progenitor cells. Through further research, the researchers also found that if genetic operations are used to make GSCs symmetrically divide, this asymmetric pattern will disappear, so the researchers believe that the stem cells will maintain the previous typical histone pattern during the asymmetric division process, which may be A mechanism to maintain its unique molecular properties. Epigenetic signals synergistically determine the ultimate fate of stem cells Stem cells reprogram along defined routes to develop molecular mechanisms that form specific organs such as the heart, lungs, or kidneys, and have long been the focus of scientists' research. Researchers from the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill School of Medicine recently discovered that a class of unique proteins called PCLs (polycomb-like proteins) act as a bridge between the "switch" states of genes. The researchers found that PCLs through the PRC2 complex caused certain genes related to epigenetic signals to be turned off. In stem cells, the PRC2 complex turns off some genes that can promote reprogramming to form specialized cells for organs such as the heart or lungs. In addition to playing an important role in cell development, increased levels of PRC2 have also been found in various cancer types such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, and blood cancer. Many pharmaceutical companies are starting to develop drugs that target PRC2. A specific PCL that can control PRC2 is found in cancer cells, so that it may be possible to develop drugs that target this PCL in order to regulate the function of PRC2 in a more controlled manner to maintain the function of PRC2 in stem cells and in tumors Suppress it. Copier Toner For Xerox,Compatible Printer Cartridge,Colorful Compatible Toner Cartridge,Custom Xerox Toner Cartridge jiangmen jinheng office equipment Co. Ltd. , https://www.jm-jinheng.com