Antigen retrieval (AR) technology

Antigen retrieval (AR) technology Antigen retrieval technology is mainly divided into heating method antigen repair technology and non-heating method antigen repair technology, heating method is divided into microwave heating method, simple heating method and high pressure heating method; non-heating method is mainly There are methods such as enzyme digestion and acid hydrolysis. Antigen repair by microwave heating method Antigen repair technology by simple heating method: Place the slices in a container filled with citric acid buffer, heat on an electric furnace (600W) until boiling, and continue for 10 minutes. The method compares the IHC staining intensity and the results show that the two heating methods result in the same staining intensity. High-pressure heating method antigen repair technology procedure: RWShin et al. Developed a water-based autoclave boiling method to enhance the immunoreactivity of formalin-fixed brain tissue Tau protein. Non-heating antigen repair technology: Non-heating antigen repair technology includes enzyme digestion and acid hydrolysis. At present, the most widely used method is enzyme digestion, which uses chemical methods to break aldehyde bonds and repair antigens. The choice of antigen repair method is related to whether the tissue antigen can be fully exposed, which has a great impact on the results of immunoenzyme histochemical methods. Therefore, different repair methods should be used according to different antigen characteristics. For some intracellular antigens (such as FasBax and Fâ…§, etc.) and interstitial antigens (such as Laminin and CoIV, etc.), enzyme digestion is required to process the slices. Commonly used digestive enzymes are trypsin and pepsin. Generally speaking, trypsin digestion ability is weaker than pepsin, mainly used for digestion of intracellular antigens; pepsin is mainly used for digestion of intercellular antigens. In the experiment, we should carefully refer to the instruction manual of the antibody and choose the digestive enzymes. In short, the high-pressure heating method and the microwave heating method are relatively stable, and the effect of the high-pressure heating method is superior to the microwave heating method and the simple heating method. The concentration of the solution has no effect on the repair effect, while the pH has a greater effect. The buffer is citric acid buffer and Tris-HC1. Generally speaking, when the heating method is applied, the antigen recovery time is short when the temperature is high. In addition, according to the actual needs of clinical evaluation diagnosis, differential diagnosis and research, the 251st Hospital created the trypsin-urea combined digestion technology, hydrochloric acid hydrolysis exposure antigen technology and MV-surfactant Triton X-100 (MW-TX) repair antigen technology. There are many methods of antigen exposure or antigen repair, among which microwave (MW) -citrate buffer is used more and the effect is the best. The method of repairing antigen by microwave is to deparaffinize the paraffin section and wash it in water, put it into the repair solution, use the output power of 250W, and cool it to room temperature as usual. At present, antigen repair technology has been successfully applied in BioTek automatic immunohistochemical staining instrument.

Pet Bowls And Feeders

COMFORT AND SECURITY: The medium dog bed's raised rim creates a sense of security and provides head and neck support, while the super-soft filling offers joint and muscle pain relief .