Packaging Technology Classification

1. Shock protection technology

Shockproof packaging, also called cushioning packaging, occupies an important position in various packaging methods. From production to production, the product undergoes a series of transportation, storage, stacking, and loading and unloading processes and is placed in a certain environment. In any environment will have a strong role in the product, and make the product mechanical damage. In order to prevent product damage, we must try to reduce the impact of external forces, the so-called shock-proof packaging is to slow down the contents of the shock and vibration, protect it from damage caused by certain protective measures of the packaging. Shockproof packaging mainly has the following three methods:

(1) Comprehensive shockproof packaging method. The comprehensive shockproof packaging method refers to the method of packing shockproof materials filled with shockproof materials between the contents and the outer package.

(2) Part of shockproof packaging methods. For products with good integrity and products with built-in containers, use cushioning materials only at the corners or parts of the product or inner packaging. The packaging materials used are mainly foam plastic shockproof pads, inflatable plastic film shockproof pads and rubber springs.

(3) Suspension shockproof packaging method. For some valuable and fragile items, in order to effectively ensure that it will not be damaged in the process of circulation, the outer packaging container is more sturdy, and then the ropes, belts, springs, etc. will be suspended in the packaging container, in the logistics No matter what the operation is. The contents are stably suspended without colliding with the packaging container, thereby reducing damage.

2. Anti-breakage protection technology

Buffer packaging has a strong anti-breakage capability and is therefore an effective class of anti-breakage packaging technology. In addition, the following types of protection against damage can also be used:

(1) Bundling and wrapping technology. The role of bundling and wrapping technology is to make groceries and bulk goods form a solid whole, so as to increase the integrity, facilitate handling and prevent bulk breakage to reduce damage.

(2) Assembly technology. Use containerization to reduce contact with the cargo body and prevent breakage.

(3) Select high-strength protective materials. The high strength of the outer packaging material prevents the contents from being damaged by external forces.

3. Anti-rust packaging technology

(1) anti-rust oil anti-rust packaging technology. Atmospheric corrosion is the result of the electrochemical action of oxygen, water vapor, and other harmful gases in the air that act on the metal surface. If the metal surface is isolated from various factors that cause atmospheric corrosion (ie, the metal surface is protected), the purpose of preventing corrosion of the metal atmosphere can be achieved. Antirust oil packaging technology is based on this principle to seal the metal to prevent corrosion.
The use of rust-proof oil encapsulated metal products requires that the oil layer has a certain thickness, the continuity of the oil layer is good, and the coating is complete. Different types of anti-rust oil should be coated by different methods.

(2) Vapor-phase rust-proof packaging technology. Vapor-phase rust-proof packaging technology is a technology that uses vapor phase corrosion inhibitors (volatile inhibitors) to perform rust prevention treatment on metal products in sealed packaging containers. A vapor phase inhibitor is a substance that slows down or completely stops the metal's destruction process in aggressive media. It is volatile at room temperature and it volatilizes or sublimates in a sealed package in a very short time. The corrosion gas emitted can fill every corner and crevice in the entire packaging container, and adsorb on the surface of the metal product at the same time, so as to suppress the effect of atmospheric corrosion on the metal.

4. Anti-mold packaging technology

When shipping food and other organic carbohydrate cargoes in the transport package, the surface of the cargo may grow mold. In the event of moisture in the circulation process, the mold grows very quickly and even extends into the interior of the cargo, causing it to rot, mold, and deteriorate. Take special protective measures.
The measures to prevent spoilage and deterioration of the packaging are usually frozen packaging, vacuum packaging or high temperature sterilization. The principle of frozen packaging is to slow bacterial activity and chemical changes in order to extend the storage period, but can not completely eliminate the deterioration of food; high-temperature sterilization can eliminate the microorganisms causing food rot, can be used in the packaging process with high temperature treatment of mildew. Some dried food packaging should prevent water vapour ingress to prevent mildew and corrosion. Choose waterproof vapor and airtight packaging materials, vacuum and air-packed.

Vacuum packaging is also called decompression packaging or exhaust packaging. This kind of package can block the outside moisture from entering the packaging container, and can also prevent the presence of moist air inside the closed moisture-proof packaging and dew condensation when the temperature drops. With vacuum packaging, care should be taken to avoid excessive vacuum. To prevent damage to the packaging material.

To prevent moldy goods in the transport package, anti-mould agents can also be used. There are many types of anti-mold agents. Non-toxic anti-mould agents must be used for food.

Large enclosed boxes of mechanical and electrical products may be provided with appropriate anti-mildew measures such as ventilation holes or ventilation windows, as appropriate.

5. Anti-insect packaging technology

Anti-insect packaging technology, commonly used insect repellent, that is put in the packaging of a certain toxicity and smell of drugs, the use of drugs in the packaging of volatile gases to kill and repel all kinds of pests. Common insect repellents include hydrazine, parachlorobenzene, and camphor. Vacuum packaging, air-packing, and deoxygenation packaging techniques can also be used to prevent pests from having a living environment and thus prevent pests.

6. Dangerous goods packaging technology

Thousands of dangerous goods, according to their dangerous nature, transportation and public security fire department regulations are divided into 10 categories, namely, explosives, oxidants, compressed gases and liquefied gases, spontaneous combustion items, water burning items, flammable liquids, easy Burn solids, poisonous goods, corrosive articles, radioactive articles, etc. Some articles have more than two dangerous properties at the same time.

Toxic goods should be clearly marked with toxic signs. The main measure of anti-virus is tight packaging and airtightness. For example, potassium dichromate (red cesium potassium) and sodium dichromate <red sodium), with a red crystal clear, toxic, application of solid barrel packaging, barrel mouth should be tight, the thickness of the iron plate can not be less than 1. 2 mm. For products such as organic pesticides, asphalt sacks should be installed and the seams tightly sealed. If it is packaged in plastic bags or asphalt paper bags, the outside should be packed with sacks or cloth bags. The zinc phosphide used as a rodenticide is highly toxic. After the plastic bag is sealed tightly, it is packed in a wooden box. The box is insulated with two layers of kraft paper, moisture-proof paper or plastic film liner.

For corrosive goods, pay attention to chemical changes in the material of the goods and packaging containers. Metal-type packaging containers should be painted on the container walls to prevent corrosive products from corroding the containers. For example, the inner wall of an iron drum for packaging synthetic fatty acids is coated with an acid-resistant protective layer to prevent the iron barrel from being corroded by the commodity, and the quality of the product is also degenerated accordingly. Another example is hydrofluoric acid, which is an inorganic acid corrosion product, which is highly toxic and can corrode glass. It cannot be used as a packaging container for glass bottles. It should be packed in a metal bucket or a plastic bucket, but it is then loaded into a wooden box. Formic acid is volatile and its gas is corrosive. It should be installed in a good acid-resistant altar, glass bottle or plastic bucket, sealed tightly, and then put into a strong wooden box or metal drum.

The yellow phosphorus and other easily combustible goods should be packed in iron drums with a wall thickness of not less than 1 mm. The inner wall of the drum should be coated with an acid-resistant protective layer to hold the water in the barrel and allow the surface to be submerged in goods. The net weight per barrel does not exceed 50 kg. Another example is the water bow [from the burning of items such as calcium carbide, which breaks down when exposed to water and produces flammable acetylene gas, which is packaged in a sturdy iron drum and filled with nitrogen. If the barrel is not filled with nitrogen gas, the deflation piston should be installed.

For flammable and explosive goods, such as products with strong oxidizing properties, trace impurities or products that explode due to rapid decomposition due to heat. Anti-explosion packaging is an effective method is to use plastic barrels, and then plastic drums into iron drums or wooden boxes, each net weight does not exceed 50 kilograms, and should be automatically deflated safety valve, when the barrel reaches a certain gas pressure When it is automatically deflated.

7. Special packaging technology

(1) Inflatable packaging. Inflatable packaging is a packaging technology method that replaces air in a packaging container with an inert gas such as carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen, and is therefore also referred to as gas replacement packaging. This packaging method is based on the characteristics of aerobic microorganisms' aerobic metabolism, changing the composition of gases in sealed packaging containers, reducing the concentration of oxygen, inhibiting the physiological activity of microorganisms, the activity of enzymes, and the breathing intensity of fresh products. To achieve anti-mildew, anti-corrosion and preservation purposes.

(2) vacuum packaging. Vacuum packaging is a kind of packaging method in which after the articles are packed into the airtight containers, the vacuum is taken before the containers are sealed so that there is substantially no air in the sealed containers.

General meat products, processed grain products, and certain easily oxidatively degraded products can be vacuum-packed. Vacuum packaging not only avoids or reduces fat oxidation, but also inhibits the growth of certain molds and bacteria. At the same time when heat-sterilizing it, since the gas inside the container has been eliminated, heat conduction is accelerated. The high-temperature sterilization efficiency is improved, and the packaging container is also prevented from being broken due to the expansion of the gas during heat sterilization.

(3) shrink packaging. Shrink wrapping is the use of shrink film wrap articles (or inner packagings) and then heat the film appropriately so that the film shrinks tightly to the item (or inner package) packaging technique.

The shrink film is a polyethylene film that has been specially stretched and cooled. Since the film generates residual shrinkage stress when it is stretched by orientation, the stress is relieved by a certain amount of heat, causing sharp contraction in both the horizontal and vertical directions. While increasing the thickness of the film, the shrinkage is usually 30 to 70%, and the shrinkage force reaches its maximum value in the cooling stage and can be maintained for a long period of time.

(4) Stretch packaging. Stretch packaging is a new packaging technology that began in the seventies. It was developed from shrink packaging. Stretch packaging relies on mechanical devices to stretch and wrap elastic films around the package at room temperature. A method of packaging that seals at its end. Since stretch packaging does not require heating, it consumes only one-twentieth of the energy of shrink packaging. Stretch wrap can be used to bundle single items, but it can also be used for packaging such as pallet packaging.

(5) Deoxy packaging. Deoxidation packaging is a new type of oxygen removal packaging method after vacuum packaging and air-packing. The deoxygenation packaging is in a sealed packaging container, and uses a deoxidizer that can react with oxygen to react with it to remove the oxygen in the packaging container so as to protect the contents. The deoxygenation packaging method is suitable for certain items that are particularly sensitive to oxygen and used in food packaging where even a trace amount of oxygen can contribute to deterioration.