The working principle and structure of the new ph detector The PH meter is an important tool for measuring and measuring the pH of the solution. The PH meter has various models and products. The display method is also available in both pointer display and digital display. However, no matter how the type of the meter changes, its working principle is The same, the main body is a precision potentiometer. How does the PH meter work? The pH meter measures the pH of the solution by potentiometry. Therefore, the working mode of the pH meter can measure the electromotive force of the battery in addition to the pH value of the solution. In Latin, PH is the abbreviation of Pondus hydrogenii, which is the activity of hydrogen ions in matter, and the PH value is the negative of the logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. PH meter PH meter The main measuring components of the PH meter are the glass electrode and the reference electrode, the glass electrode is sensitive to pH, and the potential of the reference electrode is stable. Putting the two electrodes of the pH meter together into the same solution constitutes a primary battery, and the potential of the primary battery is the algebraic sum of the potential of the glass electrode and the reference electrode. The reference electrode potential of the PH meter is stable, and then the potential change of the galvanic cell composed of the solution and the electrode is only related to the potential of the glass electrode while the temperature is kept stable, and the potential of the glass electrode depends on the pH of the solution to be tested. Value, so by measuring the change in potential, the pH of the pH solution can be obtained. PH meter structure The structure of the PH meter includes a composite electrode and an ammeter. The composite electrode is also referred to as an indicator electrode and a reference electrode. Generally, the indicator electrodes of the pH meter are glass electrodes. The function of the glass electrode is to be sensitive to hydrogen ions in the solution, and the potential difference is reflected by the change of hydrogen ions. The role of the reference electrode is to provide a constant potential as a reference to the potential deviation. Among the components of the PH meter, the galvanometer is used to measure the overall potential. It can capture a small potential change in a circuit with a large resistance and express this change through the meter. In order to facilitate reading, the PH meter has a display function, which is to convert the output signal of the ammeter into a PH reading. Application field PH meters are widely used in industrial, electric power, agriculture, medicine, food, scientific research and environmental protection. BPH-200 is also an essential inspection equipment in food factory, drinking water factory QS, HACCP certification. How to use the PH meter: The acidity meter is simply referred to as a pH meter (acidity meter) in daily life. It is mainly composed of two parts: an electrode and an electric meter. In the use of PH meter, it must be able to properly maintain the electrode, prepare the standard buffer as required and operate the meter correctly. In this way, the pH indication error can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the reliability of chemical experiments and medical inspection data. Therefore, the PH meter is a precision instrument, its method of use is very important, and daily maintenance must be carefully prepared. How to correctly understand the method used by the PH meter and the maintenance electrode of the PH meter First, install 1 The voltage and frequency of the power supply must conform to the data specified on the instrument nameplate and must be well grounded. Otherwise, the pointer may be unstable during measurement. 2 The instrument is equipped with a glass electrode and a calomel electrode. The bakelite cap of the glass electrode is clamped to the small clip of the electrode holder. The metal cap of the calomel electrode is clamped to the large clip of the electrode holder. The height of the two electrodes can be adjusted using the cap screws on the electrode holder. 3 The glass electrode must be immersed in distilled water for more than 24 hours before first use. It should also be soaked in distilled water when not in use. 4 The calomel electrode should be immersed in saturated potassium chloride solution before initial use, and not in the distilled water with the glass electrode. Soak in a saturated potassium chloride solution when not in use or cover the lower capillary of the calomel electrode with a rubber cap. Second, correction 1 Turn the “pH-mv†switch to the pH position. 2 Turn on the power supply and the indicator light will be on and warm up for 30 minutes. 3 Remove the small beaker of distilled water and gently remove the excess water from the glass electrode with filter paper. A well-selected standard buffer solution of known pH is placed in a small beaker. Immerse the electrode. Note that the capillary ends of the glass electrode tip and the calomel electrode are immersed in the solution. Gently shake the small beaker to even out the solution that the electrode is in contact with. 4 Screw the range switch to 0~7 or 7~14 according to the pH of the standard buffer. 5 Adjust the temperature control button so that the temperature indicated by the knob is the same as the room temperature. 6 Adjust the zero point so that the pointer points at pH 7. 7 Press gently or turn the reading switch slightly to lock the switch. Adjust the positioning knob so that the pointer just points to the pH value of the standard buffer. Release the reading switch and repeat until the value is stable. 8 After the correction, do not turn the positioning knob again, otherwise it needs to be re-calibrated. Remove the standard small beaker and rinse the electrode with distilled water. Finally, measurement 1 Drain the excess water droplets on the electrode or rinse it twice with the solution to be tested, then immerse the electrode in the solution to be tested, and gently rotate or shake the small beaker to make the solution evenly contact the electrode. 2 The temperature of the solution to be tested should be the same as the temperature of the standard buffer solution. 3 calibrate the zero position, press the reading switch, the value pointed by the pointer is the pH of the liquid to be tested. If the pointer reading exceeds the scale when measuring within the range of pH0~7, the range switch should be placed at pH 7~14 and then measured. 4 After the measurement is completed, after the reading switch is released, the pointer must be pointed at pH 7, otherwise it will be readjusted. 5 Turn off the power, rinse the electrode, and soak as described above. When paying attention to the use of the acidity meter method, it is also necessary to correctly understand the electrode use of the acidity meter. At present, the electrodes used in the laboratory are composite electrodes, which have the advantages of being convenient to use, not affected by oxidizing or reducing substances, and having a fast balancing speed. When in use, the rubber sleeve and the rubber sleeve at the lower end of the electrode filling port are completely removed to maintain the hydraulic pressure difference of the potassium chloride solution in the electrode. The following is a brief introduction to the use and maintenance of the electrode: 1. When the composite electrode is not used, it can be fully immersed in 3M potassium chloride solution. Do not dip with washing liquid or other water-absorbing reagents. 2. Check the bulb at the front end of the glass electrode before use. Under normal conditions, the electrode should be transparent without cracks; the bulb should be filled with solution and no bubbles should be present. 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