For the first time, scientists at the school observed that atomic gases have strong magnetism, thus answering decades of academic debate: whether the gas can have the same magnetic properties as iron or nickel magnets. The announcement said that if this finding is confirmed, it will rewrite the current physics textbook.

Researchers at MIT used the lithium-6 isotope. Lithium-6 contains 3 protons, 3 neutrons and 3 electrons. It is a fermion (semi-integer spin particle). It has similar characteristics to electrons and can be used to simulate the behavior of electrons. They used an infrared laser beam to capture the ultra-cold lithium atom air mass and cool it to only 15 parts per billion Kelvin above absolute zero. When gradually increasing the repulsion between atoms, the researchers observed several phenomena indicating that the gas has become strongly magnetic. The atomic air mass first grew and then suddenly contracted. When the atoms were released from the trap, they suddenly expanded rapidly. These phenomena are completely consistent with the theoretical prediction of magnetic phase conversion.

The question of whether fermions may have strong magnetism in the gaseous or liquid state has been debated in the scientific community for decades, and the MIT study gives a definitive answer. Kettler, a professor of physics at the school and the head of the research team, said that this discovery is very important and will promote people's understanding of the physical phenomenon of magnetism. Magnetic materials have very important application value for data storage, nanotechnology and medical diagnosis.

The announcement said that if this finding is confirmed, the description of magnetic theory in physics textbooks will be rewritten, indicating that fermion gas does not need a crystalline structure to have strong magnetism. Scott Pritchard, a professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and another head of research, pointed out: "Our evidence is very convincing, but it is not an easy task to fully prove that the gas is strongly magnetic. . We have not been able to observe how the atoms are pointing to the area. These atoms begin to form molecules and may not have enough time to adjust themselves. "

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