At present, the most commonly used wire mesh varieties are nylon (also called nylon) wire mesh and polyester (also called polyester) wire mesh. Metal wire is generally only used under certain conditions, and silk wire mesh has been basically eliminated. The types of screens are listed in Table 2-1.

1. Silk screen

Silk screen is the earliest plate material used for screen printing plate. In the past, some screen printing technology books often called it silk screen, natural silk screen, silk screen, real silk screen, raw silk screen and so on.

The characteristics of silk screen are: strong water resistance, certain hygroscopicity, good combination with photosensitive glue or photosensitive film, general elasticity, easy to stretch the net, and simple plate making operation. However, the silk screen has poor abrasion resistance and chemical resistance, is prone to aging and becomes brittle, the tension value of the stretched net is small, and the cost is also high.

At present, in the production of screen printing plates, silk screens have been largely replaced by synthetic fiber screens, and the amount is very small.

2. Nylon (nylon) wire mesh

Nylon wire mesh, also known as nylon wire mesh, is a nylon monofilament woven product, which is woven for heat resistance and dimensional stability. Plain weave can be up to 380 mesh, and twill weave is greater than 330 mesh.

The nylon mesh has the following characteristics: the nylon mesh has a smooth surface, good ink permeability, and inks with large viscosity and large particles can be used, so that fine printed patterns can be obtained; the use of extremely fine mesh woven mesh, suitable for thin lines Painting patterns and dot printing; large elasticity, appropriate flexibility, good adaptability to substrates, suitable for printing of bumps and curved surfaces; good tensile strength, nodule fastness, elasticity and friction resistance, long service life ; Good resistance to acids, chemicals and organic solvents, easy to regenerate and use, although it is extremely resistant to alkalis.

When using nylon mesh, pay attention to the following points: Nylon mesh has a higher elongation than polyester and silk mesh. In order not to cause printing failure, the tension of the stretched mesh should be increased, and the contraction force will also increase at this time. Therefore, it is required to use a strong net frame and a net stretcher; because of its low heat resistance, if the net is fixed to the frame by the hot melt method, it is difficult from the operability point of view; it is not resistant to strong acids, carbolic acid, and cresol , Formic acid and other erosion; ultraviolet light has a slight impact on it, please avoid light when storing.

3. Polyester (polyester) wire mesh

Polyester screen is also called ester screen.

Polyester screen has the following characteristics: small tensile elongation and strong elasticity, single-wire screen is suitable for printing high-precision printed products such as integrated circuits, thick film semiconductors, scale plates, counting plates; tensile strength, structural strength, resilience and resistance The printing force is good; it has sufficient chemical resistance, especially strong acid resistance and organic solvent resistance, and can be regenerated and used like nylon; low moisture absorption, almost not affected by humidity; heat resistance is more than nylon High; less affected by UV than nylon.

Pay attention to the following points during use: Polyester wire mesh has good dimensional stability and is suitable for high-precision printing. Therefore, it requires greater stretch tension than nylon mesh, and requires a stronger frame, stretcher and more Strong adhesion method; polyester is difficult to adhere to the plate film due to its hydrophobicity. It should be washed and degreased before plate making; although it has low hygroscopicity, it is not resistant to long-term boiling water; Nylon is slightly worse; not resistant to strong alkali attack.

4. Stainless steel wire mesh

The surface stability of the stainless steel screen is excellent, and the size of the produced graphics is stable. It is suitable for printing high-precision circuit boards and other products; the ink has excellent passing performance; the alkali resistance and tensile strength are very good; the chemical resistance is excellent; the heat resistance Strong, suitable for the printing of hot-melt printing material (the heating material melts the printing material on the screen). Its shortcomings are: easy to be twisted and damaged by external force, easy to slacken the mesh due to pressure during the printing process, affecting the durability of printing, expensive and expensive.

5. Nickel-plated polyester wire mesh

The nickel-plated polyester wire mesh is made by coating a layer of nickel material with a thickness of about 2 to 5 μm on the polyester mesh. It combines the length of both the metal mesh and the polyester mesh to produce a high-tension, low-elongation screen, which avoids the slack caused by the metal fatigue of the metal mesh and the low binding force between the polyester mesh and the screen film. Wear resistance, electrical conductivity and resilience have been improved. Therefore, the applicability of this network is very wide. The braided nodes of this mesh are fixed by nickel plating, the mesh is not easily deformed during printing, the ink flow is smooth, and the thickness of the printed ink layer is uniform.

The disadvantage of this kind of mesh is that it needs less resistance to the oxidizing liquid used for stripping; the price is higher than that of polyester mesh, but it is cheaper than stainless steel mesh.

6. Flatten the wire mesh

Flattened wire mesh is made by flattening one side of the wire mesh. This kind of screen can reduce the amount of ink transfer,

The ink layer becomes thinner, and can prevent the ink from penetrating and spreading, and is especially suitable for ultraviolet curing ink. The thickness and opening of the flattened screen will become smaller due to flattening, so only a small amount of ink can be used for printing. Flattening the silk screen is very beneficial for improving the printing suitability of ink, reducing the amount of over-inking and saving ink. Since the flattened wire mesh is deformed as shown in Fig. 2-3, some people think that due to this deformation, it will reduce the wear of the squeegee, improve the ink permeability and protect the plate film.

7. Anti-static wire mesh

The use of nylon, polyester and other synthetic fibers woven into a wire mesh is easy to carry static electricity, which is a big disadvantage. Although there are a variety of methods to prevent electrification, they are not perfect, especially when drying, some substrates cannot completely remove static electricity. The anti-static wire mesh is shown in Figure 2-4. In order to make the horizontal wire conductive, the core contains carbon fine wire, which has a good effect of eliminating static electricity.

8. Colored wire mesh

During the exposure of the screen printing plate-making process, halo phenomenon often occurs, and unnecessary reflected light will cause exposure defects.

The cause of this phenomenon comes from the random reflection of the wire as the screen material, so as long as it avoids causing random reflection and absorbs the reflected light, a colored screen is generally used.

The exposure generally uses an ultraviolet light source, but it is also mixed with visible light. The tint of the dyed silk screen is preferably light color, and the dark color should extend the exposure time.

9. Nickel foil perforated mesh

Nickel foil perforated mesh is a high-tech wire mesh. It is not a woven mesh, but a foil mesh, that is, it is formed by drilling nickel foil, and its holes are hexagonal, and it can also be made into a circular hole shape by electrolytic forming. The entire mesh surface is flat and thin, which can greatly improve the stability and precision of the imprint. It is used for printing high-tech products such as conductive inks, wafers and integrated circuits. It can distinguish the circuit interval of 0.1mm and the positioning accuracy can reach 0.01mm.

10. Edged steel wire mesh

This is a kind of wire mesh designed for the shortcomings of the lack of elasticity of stainless steel wire. That is, an elastic edge is inserted around the steel mesh with a special elastic material, and the image area is distributed within the steel mesh.

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