Quality is the life. Product quality is directly related to the market competitiveness of enterprises. To ensure the quality of printed matter in the process of printing production and to eliminate the quality problems caused by technical errors, it is a task that must be paid attention to. This article analyzes the printing process and discusses the main factors that affect the quality of the printed product. 1. The effect of plate-making film on printing quality The development and fixing process of the film after exposure is directly related to the clarity and contrast of the image on the film. Therefore, for plate-making film, the key depends on the density of the graphic part and the contrast between the graphic part and the non-graphic part. The higher the density, the greater the contrast, the better the quality of the plate-making film, and the quality of the printing plates produced with it can be guaranteed. In addition, the thickness of the base of the plate-making film also affects the quality of the plate-making. Generally, the thin film is better than the thick film. Second, the impact of printing on printing quality During the printing process, the intensity of the light source, the distance between the light source and the plate material, and the length of exposure time will affect the quality of the printing process. Strong light source, short distance, relatively short exposure time; weak light source, long distance, relatively long exposure time. Under a certain light source and distance, with the increase of exposure time, the decomposition of the drug film in the light part of the plate is intensified until the surface of the light drug film is completely decomposed. If the exposure time continues to increase, the edge of the uncovered part of the film surface is gradually decomposed due to the strong light, and the photosensitive film will gradually decompose, and the lines and lines of the printed plate will become thinner, even broken and blurred. If the exposure time is insufficient, the surface of the non-graphic part of the visible drug film is not completely decomposed. After the printing plate is developed, the non-graphic part of the film still has the medical film, which will become dirty when printed on the machine. In addition, the exposure time required for printing plates of different brands is different and must be brought to people's attention. In addition, when the printing plate is evacuated, the degree of closeness of the film and the printing plate also affects the quality of the printing plate. If the bonding is not true, the printed plate may have malfunctions such as ghosting and blurring. Third, the impact of development on printing quality 1. Developer concentration If the concentration of the developer is too large and the development is too fast, it is easy to cause excessive development of the printing plate, the lines of the graphics are thin, the fine dots are lost or the graphics are thin and unclear, which affects the printing quality; the concentration of the developer is too small, seeing the surface of the drug film decomposed It is not easy to wash, and it is easy to get dirty when printing on the machine. 2. Developing time If the development time is too long, the surface of the drug film that is not exposed to light on the printing plate will be easily dissolved, and the graphics of the printing plate will become lighter and thinner, resulting in unrealistic and unclear imprints during printing. The surface is not easy to remove completely, and it is easy to get dirty when printing. The appropriate developing time is that when the printing plate is developed and rinsed, the surface of the drug film decomposed by light is just washed away. If the concentration of the drug solution is relatively large, the development time should be shortened accordingly; otherwise, the development time should be extended accordingly. Fourth, the impact of ink transfer on printing quality The printing process is actually the process of ink transfer. Generally speaking, the total ink transfer rate of offset printing is relatively low, about 38%. After the printing plate is inked, it is in contact with the blanket, and the ink transfer rate is about 50%; when the blanket is in contact with the paper, the ink transfer rate is about 76%. Controlling the transfer rate of ink is very important. Ink suitability, water-ink balance, performance of printing plates, blankets, paper, printing machines, etc. all affect the transfer of ink. 1. Influence of ink performance on ink delivery Low viscosity. Ink with greater fluidity is easier to transfer and has a higher transfer rate; ink with higher viscosity and lower fluidity has a lower transfer rate. To improve the ink transfer rate, it is necessary to control the ink viscosity and fluidity. The performance of the ink will also change slightly with the environment. When the temperature is high, the viscosity of the ink is relatively low; when the temperature is low, the viscosity of the ink is relatively high. In actual production, inks of different models, types and different drying methods should be selected according to the actual situation. In addition, adding an appropriate amount of ink to the ink can adjust the performance of the ink, which is helpful to control the increase of the dots and improve the ink transfer rate. 2. Effect of blanket performance on ink transfer The blanket must have good ink absorption and ink transfer properties, and must also have characteristics such as oil resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, and good elasticity. If the blanket is not thoroughly cleaned after printing, the ink remaining in the fluff will gradually harden the conjunctiva, causing the fuzz-like structure of the rubber surface to be destroyed, which directly affects the ink receptivity of the blanket and reduces the ink transfer rate of the blanket. For this reason, the blanket should be washed thoroughly after printing. If the downtime is relatively long, a layer of pumice powder can be rubbed on its surface to keep the blanket surface always maintaining the original fluff-like structure. Ensure that the blanket has good ink acceptance and ink transfer. 3. The influence of the suitability of paper and printing plate on the printing quality The suitability of paper is mainly reflected in smoothness, whiteness, stiffness and so on. Papers with high smoothness require relatively little ink; papers with poor smoothness require relatively large amounts of ink. In the printing process, different papers have different amounts of ink according to their surface conditions. Under the conditions of the same variety, the same quantity and the same price, the paper with higher smoothness and whiteness has better printing quality than the paper with lower smoothness and whiteness. The quality of the base sand of the printing plate, the hydrophilicity of the metal plate surface and the lipophilicity of the surface of the coated polymer resin are related to the suitability of the printing plate, and affect the ink transfer and the water-ink balance of the plate surface. In the process of plate making, the quality of exposure and development will also affect the performance of the printing plate. 4. The Influence of Water-ink Balance on Printing Quality Ink balance is a relative balance, not an absolute balance. During the high-speed operation of the equipment, the graphic and non-graphic parts of the printing plate are both inked with water and infiltrated with each other, so ink emulsification will inevitably occur on the printing plate. If the amount of water is not well controlled, it will inevitably deepen the emulsification of the ink, resulting in paste and dirty printing. When printing, the method of reducing the amount of water and increasing the amount of ink is appropriate, but some will also reduce the amount of ink. In addition, the ink emulsification will vary with the changes of the environment and conditions. In actual production, the ink viscosity and the pH of the fountain solution should be controlled according to the actual situation to control the amount of ink and water, so that the printing plate is not paste Version, not dirty version shall prevail. 5. Influence of printing pressure on printing quality The printing pressure refers to the interaction force between the plate cylinder and the rubber cylinder, and between the rubber cylinder and the impression cylinder. It is a necessary condition for ink transmission. If the printing pressure is too low, the ink is not easy to transfer, and the ink traces are light and faint; the printing pressure is too large, and the ink volume expands to the non-graphic part, which makes the dot increase seriously, the image is distorted, and the printing plate and the blanket are also easy to bear decline. Therefore, the mechanical pressure must be adjusted correctly. Different amounts of paper require different printing pressures, and only suitable printing pressures can ensure uniform ink color and consistency. Fifth, the impact of post-press processes on product quality The impact of post-press process on product quality is mainly reflected in product specifications, whether the inner pages are incomplete, and whether the order is reversed. Whether the binding is firm and the appearance is beautiful. The post-press processing procedure is also a procedure that cannot be ignored in the entire printing process. There are many factors that affect the quality of printed products. However, from the perspective of the process, the above main factors are more likely to cause quality problems. Knowing these factors and controlling them, you can ensure the printing quality, reduce the number of years to avoid the occurrence of substandard products, reduce printing costs, and improve competitiveness. 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