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In the market economy, the connection between package providers and demanders is achieved through the exchange of goods. Both the packaging provider and the demander need to calculate the cost, price, profit, etc. of the packaging and cannot ignore the following economic issues:
(1) The financial capacity of the commodity production enterprise. To use beautiful packaging, you must have enough money and capital.
(2) The equipment and technical level of packaging product manufacturers. It can change the cost ratio of one kind of packaging form to other kinds.
(3) Market competition. The mutual comparison between the same industry, on the one hand, promotes the development of packaging, and on the other hand it also plays a regulatory role.
(4) The value of the product itself. The packaging should be compatible with the quality of the goods and avoid excessive packaging. As a general rule, domestic product packaging costs account for approximately 15% to 20% of the total cost of goods.
In addition, it is also affected by socio-economic fluctuations, as well as storage and transportation conditions and environmental protection.
As a commodity manufacturer, it is necessary not only to consider the cost of packaging, but also to take into account the incremental value of different commodities that different packaging may bring. Therefore, the proportion of goods that are packaged should be used as the main evaluation index.
The above is to find the evaluation index from the positive benefits of packaging, and with the rapid development of the packaging industry, it also produces consumer and social needs, or even negative results: the packaging as a product dependent on the existence of special The product is abandoned as garbage when the product is gradually consumed or the contents can be independently stored without packaging. About tens of millions of tons of packaging waste in China each year become waste and pollute the environment. Some of these are harmful substances that directly affect human health. Therefore, the packaging recycling cost, recovery rate, and reuse should also be an important assessment indicator for packaging value evaluation. 
Characteristics of evaluation indicators
(1) Specificity: Packaging is a special commodity that can only realize its use value when it coexists with its contents. Therefore, evaluation can not be considered only from the single aspect of packaging. Consider the relationship with content and clarify the content What are the requirements for packaging? When evaluating the packaging of different types of products, the evaluation indicators and weighting factors will definitely be different. For example, medical packaging mainly emphasizes practical value, and emphasizes safety, sterility, and oxygen barrier. The discussion should be based on the packaging of the same type of product as the object of evaluation.
(2) Multidimensionality: Like packaging and commodities, its ultimate goal is to meet the needs of consumers and society. If it cannot be met, it will not be possible to use value. Because of the complexity, three-dimensionality and comprehensiveness of the structure expressed by consumers and society at different levels, the multidimensionality of the value of packaging is used, so that the evaluation index is also multidimensional. As mentioned earlier, people's consumer life needs packaging, material, and economic aspects. Each aspect can be divided into several small areas. For example, "substance needs" are nutritious, warm, light, convenient, labor-saving, time-saving, timing, and other minor aspects. Therefore, the requirements for people to meet the consumer needs of the packaging of goods are also many aspects. There are differences in consumer demand psychology, different regions, different customs, different modes of transportation, and different requirements for packaging and evaluation. Therefore, the packaging must have multi-functional, multi-variety to meet different needs, and the evaluation indicators for packaging must also be multifaceted and multidimensional.
(3) Relevance: The multidimensional nature of the packaging use value leads to correlations, complementarities, and constraints between the evaluation indicators of packaging. If it leads to an increase in sales, it will not only depend on spiritual values, but also on material values.
(4) Standpoint: The evaluation of packaging by commodity manufacturers is the greatest economic benefit it can ultimately bring to protect the goods and promote sales; the sales department requires packaging to facilitate wholesale and retail sales and reduce the loss of goods during sales. , increase sales, get greater sales profits; and consumers want to get the maximum satisfaction at the lowest price. Therefore, standing on different angles to determine the packaging evaluation index and the weight of the trade-off is different.
(5) Phase: The value of packaging use is generally divided into two phases: the formation phase and the realization phase. Different stages have different evaluation indicators. The evaluation of the formation stage mainly manifests itself in the evaluation of the quality of the packaging. The evaluation of the realization stage mainly shows the evaluation of packaging effectiveness, which is the key point.
Journal of Beijing Institute of Graphic Arts Liu Jibo
2.3 Economic Value of Packaging